1.1 --- /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
1.2 +++ b/license/fdl-1.3.txt Sun Jul 07 00:05:43 2013 +0200
1.3 @@ -0,0 +1,451 @@
1.4 +
1.5 + GNU Free Documentation License
1.6 + Version 1.3, 3 November 2008
1.7 +
1.8 +
1.9 + Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
1.10 + <http://fsf.org/>
1.11 + Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
1.12 + of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
1.13 +
1.14 +0. PREAMBLE
1.15 +
1.16 +The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
1.17 +functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to
1.18 +assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
1.19 +with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
1.20 +Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way
1.21 +to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible
1.22 +for modifications made by others.
1.23 +
1.24 +This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
1.25 +works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
1.26 +complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
1.27 +license designed for free software.
1.28 +
1.29 +We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
1.30 +software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
1.31 +program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
1.32 +software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals;
1.33 +it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
1.34 +whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
1.35 +principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
1.36 +
1.37 +
1.38 +1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
1.39 +
1.40 +This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that
1.41 +contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
1.42 +distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a
1.43 +world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that
1.44 +work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below,
1.45 +refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a
1.46 +licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you
1.47 +copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission
1.48 +under copyright law.
1.49 +
1.50 +A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
1.51 +Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
1.52 +modifications and/or translated into another language.
1.53 +
1.54 +A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of
1.55 +the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
1.56 +publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall
1.57 +subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall
1.58 +directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in
1.59 +part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain
1.60 +any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical
1.61 +connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
1.62 +commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
1.63 +them.
1.64 +
1.65 +The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles
1.66 +are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
1.67 +that says that the Document is released under this License. If a
1.68 +section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not
1.69 +allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero
1.70 +Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant
1.71 +Sections then there are none.
1.72 +
1.73 +The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed,
1.74 +as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that
1.75 +the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may
1.76 +be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.
1.77 +
1.78 +A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
1.79 +represented in a format whose specification is available to the
1.80 +general public, that is suitable for revising the document
1.81 +straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
1.82 +pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
1.83 +drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
1.84 +for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input
1.85 +to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file
1.86 +format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart
1.87 +or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.
1.88 +An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount
1.89 +of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".
1.90 +
1.91 +Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
1.92 +ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML
1.93 +or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple
1.94 +HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of
1.95 +transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats
1.96 +include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by
1.97 +proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or
1.98 +processing tools are not generally available, and the
1.99 +machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word
1.100 +processors for output purposes only.
1.101 +
1.102 +The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
1.103 +plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
1.104 +this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in
1.105 +formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means
1.106 +the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
1.107 +preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
1.108 +
1.109 +The "publisher" means any person or entity that distributes copies of
1.110 +the Document to the public.
1.111 +
1.112 +A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose
1.113 +title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
1.114 +text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a
1.115 +specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements",
1.116 +"Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title"
1.117 +of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a
1.118 +section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition.
1.119 +
1.120 +The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
1.121 +states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
1.122 +Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this
1.123 +License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
1.124 +implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has
1.125 +no effect on the meaning of this License.
1.126 +
1.127 +2. VERBATIM COPYING
1.128 +
1.129 +You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
1.130 +commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
1.131 +copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
1.132 +to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no
1.133 +other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
1.134 +technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
1.135 +copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
1.136 +compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
1.137 +number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
1.138 +
1.139 +You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
1.140 +you may publicly display copies.
1.141 +
1.142 +
1.143 +3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
1.144 +
1.145 +If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
1.146 +printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
1.147 +Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
1.148 +copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
1.149 +Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on
1.150 +the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
1.151 +you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present
1.152 +the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and
1.153 +visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition.
1.154 +Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
1.155 +the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
1.156 +as verbatim copying in other respects.
1.157 +
1.158 +If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
1.159 +legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
1.160 +reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
1.161 +pages.
1.162 +
1.163 +If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
1.164 +more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
1.165 +copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
1.166 +a computer-network location from which the general network-using
1.167 +public has access to download using public-standard network protocols
1.168 +a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material.
1.169 +If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps,
1.170 +when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure
1.171 +that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
1.172 +location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an
1.173 +Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that
1.174 +edition to the public.
1.175 +
1.176 +It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
1.177 +Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to
1.178 +give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the
1.179 +Document.
1.180 +
1.181 +
1.182 +4. MODIFICATIONS
1.183 +
1.184 +You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
1.185 +the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
1.186 +the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
1.187 +Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
1.188 +and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
1.189 +of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
1.190 +
1.191 +A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
1.192 + from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
1.193 + (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
1.194 + of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version
1.195 + if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
1.196 +B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
1.197 + responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
1.198 + Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
1.199 + Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five),
1.200 + unless they release you from this requirement.
1.201 +C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
1.202 + Modified Version, as the publisher.
1.203 +D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
1.204 +E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
1.205 + adjacent to the other copyright notices.
1.206 +F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
1.207 + giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
1.208 + terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
1.209 +G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
1.210 + and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
1.211 +H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
1.212 +I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add
1.213 + to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
1.214 + publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If
1.215 + there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one
1.216 + stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
1.217 + given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
1.218 + Version as stated in the previous sentence.
1.219 +J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
1.220 + public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
1.221 + the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
1.222 + it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section.
1.223 + You may omit a network location for a work that was published at
1.224 + least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
1.225 + publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
1.226 +K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
1.227 + Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all
1.228 + the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements
1.229 + and/or dedications given therein.
1.230 +L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
1.231 + unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers
1.232 + or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
1.233 +M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section
1.234 + may not be included in the Modified Version.
1.235 +N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements"
1.236 + or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
1.237 +O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
1.238 +
1.239 +If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
1.240 +appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
1.241 +copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
1.242 +of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
1.243 +list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
1.244 +These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
1.245 +
1.246 +You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
1.247 +nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
1.248 +parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
1.249 +been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
1.250 +standard.
1.251 +
1.252 +You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
1.253 +passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
1.254 +of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
1.255 +Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
1.256 +through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already
1.257 +includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
1.258 +by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
1.259 +you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
1.260 +permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
1.261 +
1.262 +The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
1.263 +give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
1.264 +imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
1.265 +
1.266 +
1.267 +5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
1.268 +
1.269 +You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
1.270 +License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
1.271 +versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
1.272 +Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
1.273 +list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
1.274 +license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
1.275 +
1.276 +The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
1.277 +multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
1.278 +copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
1.279 +different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
1.280 +adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
1.281 +author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
1.282 +Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
1.283 +Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
1.284 +
1.285 +In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History"
1.286 +in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled
1.287 +"History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements",
1.288 +and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections
1.289 +Entitled "Endorsements".
1.290 +
1.291 +
1.292 +6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
1.293 +
1.294 +You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other
1.295 +documents released under this License, and replace the individual
1.296 +copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy
1.297 +that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules
1.298 +of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all
1.299 +other respects.
1.300 +
1.301 +You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
1.302 +distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a
1.303 +copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this
1.304 +License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that
1.305 +document.
1.306 +
1.307 +
1.308 +7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
1.309 +
1.310 +A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
1.311 +and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
1.312 +distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright
1.313 +resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
1.314 +of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
1.315 +When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not
1.316 +apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
1.317 +derivative works of the Document.
1.318 +
1.319 +If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
1.320 +copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
1.321 +the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
1.322 +covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
1.323 +electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form.
1.324 +Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
1.325 +aggregate.
1.326 +
1.327 +
1.328 +8. TRANSLATION
1.329 +
1.330 +Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
1.331 +distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
1.332 +Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
1.333 +permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
1.334 +translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
1.335 +original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
1.336 +translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
1.337 +Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
1.338 +the original English version of this License and the original versions
1.339 +of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between
1.340 +the translation and the original version of this License or a notice
1.341 +or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
1.342 +
1.343 +If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
1.344 +"Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve
1.345 +its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
1.346 +title.
1.347 +
1.348 +
1.349 +9. TERMINATION
1.350 +
1.351 +You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
1.352 +except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
1.353 +otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and
1.354 +will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
1.355 +
1.356 +However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license
1.357 +from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally,
1.358 +unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally
1.359 +terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder
1.360 +fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to
1.361 +60 days after the cessation.
1.362 +
1.363 +Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
1.364 +reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
1.365 +violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
1.366 +received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
1.367 +copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
1.368 +your receipt of the notice.
1.369 +
1.370 +Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
1.371 +licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
1.372 +this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
1.373 +reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does
1.374 +not give you any rights to use it.
1.375 +
1.376 +
1.377 +10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
1.378 +
1.379 +The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the
1.380 +GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions
1.381 +will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
1.382 +detail to address new problems or concerns. See
1.383 +http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
1.384 +
1.385 +Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
1.386 +If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
1.387 +License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
1.388 +following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
1.389 +of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
1.390 +Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
1.391 +number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
1.392 +as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document
1.393 +specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this
1.394 +License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a
1.395 +version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the
1.396 +Document.
1.397 +
1.398 +11. RELICENSING
1.399 +
1.400 +"Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site" (or "MMC Site") means any
1.401 +World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also
1.402 +provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A
1.403 +public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A
1.404 +"Massive Multiauthor Collaboration" (or "MMC") contained in the site
1.405 +means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC site.
1.406 +
1.407 +"CC-BY-SA" means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
1.408 +license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit
1.409 +corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco,
1.410 +California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license
1.411 +published by that same organization.
1.412 +
1.413 +"Incorporate" means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or in
1.414 +part, as part of another Document.
1.415 +
1.416 +An MMC is "eligible for relicensing" if it is licensed under this
1.417 +License, and if all works that were first published under this License
1.418 +somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole or
1.419 +in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, and
1.420 +(2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.
1.421 +
1.422 +The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site
1.423 +under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009,
1.424 +provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.
1.425 +
1.426 +
1.427 +ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
1.428 +
1.429 +To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
1.430 +the License in the document and put the following copyright and
1.431 +license notices just after the title page:
1.432 +
1.433 + Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
1.434 + Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
1.435 + under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
1.436 + or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
1.437 + with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
1.438 + A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
1.439 + Free Documentation License".
1.440 +
1.441 +If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
1.442 +replace the "with...Texts." line with this:
1.443 +
1.444 + with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
1.445 + Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
1.446 +
1.447 +If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
1.448 +combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
1.449 +situation.
1.450 +
1.451 +If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
1.452 +recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
1.453 +free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
1.454 +to permit their use in free software.